The settlement of Iceland has a rich history and cultural significance. The island, located in the North Atlantic, was first discovered by Irish monks in the 8th century, but it was not until the 9th century that permanent settlements were established. The Vikings, led by Ingólfur Arnarson, are credited with founding the first permanent settlement in 874, which marked the beginning of Icelandic history and culture. The settlers brought with them their traditions, language, and social structure, which have shaped Iceland’s unique identity to this day.
When Was Iceland Settled?
Iceland’s settlement is a fascinating chapter in its history, and the exact timing of this significant event has been the subject of much debate and discussion. Here is a breakdown of the most widely accepted timeline of Iceland’s settlement:
874 AD:
-
First Recorded Arrival: Naddodd, a Norwegian explorer, becomes the first known person to spot Iceland while sailing from Norway. He named the island “Snowland.”
-
Exploration and Rediscovery: Other Norwegians, such as Garðar Svavarsson and Flóki Vilgerðarson, made subsequent visits to Iceland, establishing the existence of the island but not settling there permanently.
877 AD:
- Permanent Settlement Begins: Ingólfr Arnarson, another Norwegian explorer, arrived in Iceland with his family and livestock. He established the first permanent settlement in Reykjavík, which became Iceland’s capital city.
878 AD:
- Influx of Settlers: A large number of Norwegians, as well as some Irish and Scottish settlers, began arriving in Iceland, drawn by the promise of abundant land and resources.
930 AD:
- Establishment of the Althing: The Althing, Iceland’s national assembly, was established. It was one of the first democratic parliaments in the world and played a crucial role in shaping Iceland’s political and legal system.
1000 AD:
- Conversion to Christianity: Icelanders officially converted to Christianity under the leadership of Þorgeir Ljósvetningagoði, who was appointed as the island’s first bishop.
13th Century:
- Norwegian Rule and the Sturlung Era: Iceland came under the rule of the Norwegian king, Hakon IV, and entered a period known as the Sturlung Era, marked by internal conflicts and power struggles.
Question 1:
When did the first human settlers arrive in Iceland?
Answer:
The first known human settlers arrived in Iceland around the year 874 C.E.
Question 2:
Who were the first settlers of Iceland?
Answer:
The first settlers of Iceland were Norsemen, who sailed from Norway and the British Isles.
Question 3:
What were the reasons for the settlement of Iceland?
Answer:
The settlement of Iceland was motivated by a variety of factors, including overcrowding in Norway, a desire for new land, and the search for adventure.
And that, folks, is when Iceland first got some company. Thanks for sticking around to the end of this Icelandic adventure. If you’re thirsty for more history, be sure to swing by again. We’ve got plenty more fascinating stories to share. Cheers!